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Scala is an object-functional programming and scripting language for general software applications, statically typed, designed to concisely express solutions in an elegant, type-safe and lightweight (low ceremonial) manner.
SpecsUpdate
Current stable version2.13.1
Sitescala-lang.org
PriceOpen Source (Free)
Pros
Pro Compiles to JVM bytecode
Aside from Java itself, Scala is by far the most popular of the many JVM languages. If you're developing for Android, or a similar JVM-only platform, or otherwise need out-of-the-box cross-platform compatibility, but the performance of a compiled language, Scala is the way to go.
Pro Very good online courses
On coursera you can find great introduction to Scala by Martin Odersky.
Pro Expressive functional programming abstraction for reusable and safe code
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Cons
Con Static type system inherits cruft from Java
The type system is too complicated yet still less powerful than Haskell's.
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